論文種別	原著(症例報告除く)
言語種別	英語
査読の有無	その他(不明)
表題	Joint association of milk intake and blood 25(OH)D levels with fracture risk in postmenopausal women: 20-year follow-up data from the Japanese Population-Based Osteoporosis cohort study.
掲載誌名	正式名：Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 略　 称：Osteoporos Int ISSNコード：14332965/0937941X
掲載区分	国外
巻・号・頁	36(8),pp.1447-1458
著者・共著者	Kuniyasu Kamiya, Akane Kojima, Takahiro Tachiki, Nami Imai, Katsuyasu Kouda, Masami Hamada, Asako Kudo, Kouji Tsuda, Akiko Hata, Kumiko Ohara, Naoyuki Takashima, Yuho Sato, Miho Tanaka, Jun Kitagawa, Kazuhiro Uenishi, Junko Tamaki, Etsuko Kajita, Sadanobu Kagamimori, Toshio Matsumoto, Masayuki Iki
発行年月	2025/08
概要	UNLABELLED:The associations between milk intake frequency and fracture risk in groups categorized by 25(OH)D levels were investigated using 20-year follow-up data. A significant association was observed only among women with 25(OH)D levels < 15 ng/mL. The measurement of blood 25(OH)D levels should be prioritized for individuals with low milk intake.PURPOSE:To investigate the association between milk intake frequency and fracture risk in groups based on blood 25(OH)D levels.METHODS:This secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study included data from 1209 postmenopausal Japanese women aged ≥ 50 years. Baseline milk intake frequency was obtained using a questionnaire. Blood 25(OH)D levels were measured using a competitive protein-binding assay. Information on fracture events was obtained from face-to-face interviews through follow-up or supplemental mail surveys.RESULTS:Over a median follow-up period of 16.1 years (total: 17,427 person-years), 358 and 238 women sustained at least one clinical and osteoporotic fracture, respectively. The proportions of participants with milk intake < 1 glass/day and those with 25(OH)D levels < 15 ng/mL were 31.9% and 21.6%, respectively. In univariate Cox proportional hazard analyses, a 25(OH)D level < 15 ng/mL and a milk intake of < 1 glass/day were associated with an increased risk of clinical and osteoporotic fractures. Among participants with 25(OH)D levels < 15 ng/mL, the adjusted hazard ratios for milk intake < 1 glass/day compared to ≥ 1 glass/day were 1.99 (95% confidence interval: 1.32-2.99) and 2.11 (1.28-3.47) for clinical and osteoporotic fractures, respectively. In contrast, the HRs were not significant among those with 25(OH)D levels ≥ 15 ng/mL.CONCLUSION:A clear positive association was identified between milk intake frequency and fracture risk among Japanese women after menopause with low 25(OH)D levels. Therefore, correcting vitamin D insufficiency would likely lower fracture risk. In addition, encouraging habitual milk intake may help prevent fractures, particularly among individuals with low 25(OH)D levels.
DOI	10.1007/s00198-025-07577-z
PMID	40549004